
Class___^,^ .■-. 9 



Book. 






THE 



WASHINGTON-REED 



AUTOGRAPHS. 



ORIGINAL 



autoijrapf) betters. 



GENERAL WASHINGTON 



JOSEPH REED, 



DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION; 



MANY OP WHICH HAVE NOT BEEN PUBLISHED. 



' HOW PRECIOUS ARE THESE LETTERS, AND HOW FORTUNATE THAT THE ABSENCE OP MR. 
REED FROM CAMP SHOULD HAVE PROCURED FOR US SUCH CONFIDENTIAL OUT- 
POURINGS OF WASHINGTON'S HEART AT THIS TIME OF HIS GREAT TRIAL." 

Irvinp's H'ashiniilun, II. 17s. 



1 



ABSTRACT 



PRELIMINARY 



AUTOGRAPH LETTERS, ETC. 



1. Original Heads of Washington's First General 

Order on taking Command at Cambridge. 

2 pp. octavo. 

Cambridge: 1775. 

[In the Hand-writing of Washington.'] 

The Enemy on Bunker Hill. American Lines within Gunshot. 
Want of Tents. Grateful to Congress for its readiness to make 
everything agreeable. Want of Money, Clothing, and Powder. 
Spencer declines to serve in consequence of Putnam's appointment 
over him. Spencer gone home without leave. 

2. Questions for Committee of Congress, in Washing- 

ton's and Answers in Reed's hand-writing. 

4 pp. folio. 

Cambridge: 1775. 
[In the Hand-writing of Washington.] 

Shall the British Troops in Boston be Destroyed at the risk of 
Destroying the Town ? Indian Chiefs of the St. Francis, Penobscot, 
Stockbridge and St. John's Tribes have offered their Services. How 
shall Tory Property be treated ? What shall be done with Dr. 
Church ? Ought not Negroes, especially such as are Slaves, to be 
excluded from the Service '( How are Prisoners to be treated ? 



6 

3. Original Draft of Washington's Letter to his 

General Officers. .... 3 pp. folio. 

Cambridge : September 8tli, 1775. 

[ Written and Signed hy WasJdngton.] 

Plan of a Boat Attack on Boston discussed at length. Their 
Views solicited. The Success ^of the Measure must depend upon 
the Suddenness of the Stroke. Soldiers already impatient to get 
home. Desires a Speedy Finish of the Dispute. 

4. Jared Sparks to William B.Reed. . 2 pp. quarto. 

Cambridge : February 31st, 1838. 

" All Washington's papers which were in my possession, are now 
deposited in the Department of State at Washington. The letters 
from Washington to your grandfather, in 1775 and 1776, copies of 
which you were so kind as to send to me, I recollect seemed to me 
the most imperfect {in style and construction') that I had ever seen 
from his pen. They were evidently written in great haste, in per- 
fect confidence and without any thought that they would ever be 
published." 



NOTE. 

The following letters, fifty-one in number, were part of a private corres- 
pondence, the most friendly and unreserved. Hence their value. Their 
true interest depends on being the exact transcript of what the writers 
thought and wrote. It was the hearty, familiar letter writing of two 
friends, between whom there had grown up, in the daily and hourly inter- 
course of the ^arae quarters in the " Rebel " Camp, the most implicit, un- 
suspecting confidence. Mr. Reed was not exactly, at the age of thirty- 
three, of that class of thoughtless young men with whom it has been 
intimated Washington, himself but little over forty, was surrounded.* 
From Jane to October, 1775, Washington and his " First Secretary" had 
occupied the same house, lived at the same table, shared the same dangers 
and responsibilities, watched and counselled together as two men of 
affectionate unreserve are apt to do ; and when they were separated, the 
confidence was not interrupted, the unreserve not broken ; and Washington 
writing to Reed in Pliiladelphia, was as if Washington were talking to 
Reed, in the anxious seclusion of the head-quarters at Cambridge. Such 
are these letters as now preserved in their original form. — Reed's Re- 
print, p. 6. 

* North American Review, July, 1852, p. 203. 



A 
BRIEF SYNOPSIS 

or 

mt §tttm of Wasihingtjitt to §ttl 



The Letters not specially noted are all in Washington's Hand-xcriting. 

I. 

"Washington to Reed 2 pp. quarto. 

Cambridge : October SOtli, 1775. 

Views on Courts Martial. The Mails. Choice of a Private 
Secretary. 

\_Not in Beed's Reprint^ 

II. 

Washington to Reed. Signed Twice. . 3 pp. folio. 

Cambridge: November 8tli, 1775. 

Arnold's Journal. Thinks Arnold is in Quebec. Philadelphians 
supplying the Enemy. Plan for an Attack on the Enemy's Naval 
Forces. New Arrangement of ofl&cers. Difficulties among the New 
Ensland States. Connecticut wants no Massachusetts men in its 
Corps. " A blauderiug Lieutenant of the blundering Captain Coit, 
who has just blundered upon two vessels, etc." 
2 



10 



III. 
"Washington to Reed 4 pp. folio. 

Cambridge : November 20tli, 1775. 

Anxiety for his Return. Baylor not in the smallest degree a 
penman. Harrison sensible, clever and confidential but not suffi- 
ciently comprehensive. Moylan very obliging but cannot retain 
him. Cramped state of the Treasury. The Best of Kings. Neces- 
sity of Medical Assistance in the Army. Connecticut oificers. Dr. 
Church in a Connecticut Jail vrithout the use of pen, ink, or paper 
and to be conversed with only in English and in the presence of a 
Magistrate. Our Rascally Privateersmen. Arnold at Chaudiere 
Pond. The N hie Col. Enos. Mrs. Washington's Journey to 
Camp. Knox dispatched to Ticonderoga for Cannon.,, 

IV. 
"Washington to Eeed ^ PP- quarto. 

Cambridge : November 27tb, 1775. 

Takes Possession of Cobble Hill without a Shot from the Enemy. 
Details of the Progress of the Seige of Boston. Sufferings of its 
Inhabitants. 

\^Not in Reed's Reprint.'] 

V. 

Washington to Reed 7 pp. quarto. 

Cambridge: November 28th, 1775. 

The Private Secretaryship. Continental Bills. Want of Public 
Virtue and Patriotism. " I tremble at the prospect." "Could I 
have foreseen what I have and am like to experience, no considera- 
tion upon earth should have induced me to accept this command." 
The Seige of Boston continued. Difficulties with the Provincial 
Troops. Knox and the Artillery. Capitulation of Montreal. Poor 
Arnold, I wonder where he is. Enos under Arrest. Obliged to 
give in to the whimsies of the People or get no Army. 



11 



VI. 

Washington to Reed 4 pp. quarto. 

Cambridge : November 30tb, 1775. 

Capture of the Nancy Store Ship. Scoundrelly Spy from Marble- 
head. The Affair at Lichmore's Point. Movements of the Enemy. 



VII. 

Washington to Reed. Signed Twice. . 4 pp. folio. 

Cambridge: December 15th, 1775. 

Mrs. Washington at Philadelphia. The Congress. Difficulties 
vyith Massachusetts. Mr. Reed's Return. Flattering Sentiments 
of the People respecting his Conduct. "Pray God I may continue 
to deserve them." Denunciation of Lord Dunmore, " that arch 
traitor to the rights of humanity." That Villain Connolly. Im- 
patient to hear from Arnold. " Would to God we may hear he is 
in Quebec." The small Pox in every part of Boston. 

VIII. 
Washington to Reed 4 pp. quarto. 

Cambridge : December 25th, 1775. 

The Works at Lichmore's Point. The New England Govern- 
ments. The Connecticut Troops. The Inconceivable Want of 
Powder and no Supply '-administers a gloomy prospect." Mrs. 
Washington's visit to Philadelphia Gratitude for the civilities 
shown her. 

IX. 

Washington to Reed 4 pp. folio. 

Cambridge : January 4th, 1776. 

Things wear a better face in Virginia. Lord Dunmore's " resent- 
ments and villainies." The King's Speech Lord North. New 
Hampshire, Massachusetts and Rhode Island Troops desirous of 
" retiring into a Chimney Corner." Ludicrous mistake of the " Red 



12 

Coats." Shuldham is arrived at Boston. His own Despondency. 
" I wish this month was over our heads .... how it will end Grod in 
his great goodness will direct." Movements of the British Fleet. 



X. 

"Washington to Reed. Signed thus — . 8 pp. folio. 

Cambridge : January 14th, 1776. 

Difficulties with the Massachusetts Grovernment. Gloomy Pros- 
pects. Failure of Inlistments. Scarcity of Arms. Not 100 Guns 
in the Stores. Regrets that he had not Shouldered a Musket and 
Entered the Ranks instead of accepting the Command. General 
Despondency. " Could I have foreseen the difficulties which have 
come upon us, ... . all the Generals upon earth should not have 
convinced me of the propriety of delaying an attack upon Boston 
till this time." Lee dispatched to Secure New York. Duke of 
Grafton. 

XI. 
Washington to Reed 4 pp. folio. 

Cambridge : January 23rcl, 1776. 

Continued Anxiety for Mr. Reed's Return. His Distress and 
Embarrassments increased. The Unfortunate Repulse at Quebec. 
Death of the Brave and Lamented " Montgomerie." Arnold at 
Quebec. Gen. Schuyler. Enthusiasm of Governor Trumbull. The 
British pulling down the Houses at Boston. 



XII. 

Washington to Reed 4 pp. folio. 

Cambridge, January 31st, 1776. 

Renewed Anxiety for Mr. Reed's Services. Clinton leaving 
Boston. Tryon and the New York Tories. " My Countrymen of 
Virginia." Affiiirs in Canada. Capture of two Supply Vessels. 
Campbell's " very formidable " Portrait of the Commander in Chief 
with a "sufficient portion of terror in his countenance." Mrs. 
Washington. 



13 



XIII. 

Washington to Reed 4 pp. folio. 

Cambridge : February 1st, 1776. 

Behavior of the Men under Gen. Montgomerie Want of Disci- 
pline in Raw Troops. They will not march boldly up to a Work. 
The Men must be brought to Face Danger. Gen. Arnold Wounded. 
Gen. Prescott. 

XIV. ' 

Washington to Reed. Signed G. W. . 7 pp. folio. 

Cambridge : February 10th, 1776. 

Expressions of Personal Regard. Difficulties of his Position. 
His Situation Irksome. Has less than Ten Thousand Men Insuffi- 
ciently Armed and Clothed. Sailing of the British Fleet. The 
King's Speech. Never entertained an idea of an Accommodation 
with the Ministry. " A Tyrant and his Diabolical Ministry." 
Chimney Corner Heroes. Admiralty Courts. Bunker Hill. 
Narrow Escape of Commodore Manley. Receives a Letter and- 
Poem from Miss Phillis Wheatley. Inclined to publish the Poem. 
Refrains from Motives of Delicacy. Miss Wheatley's " Great Poet- 
ical Genius." 

XV. 
Washington to Reed. Signed G. W n. 16 pp. quarto. 

Journal of the Beige of Boston. 

Cambridge: February 26tli, 1776; Continued on the 3rd, 7th, and 9th, 

of March. 

Completion of Works on Lichmore's Point. Mounting Heavy 
Ordinance thereon. Every thing, " but the thing " ready for Opera- 
tion Proposes to Cross on the Ice to Assault Boston. Overruled. 
Preparin to Take Post on Dorchester Heights, " to try if the 
enemy will be so kind as to come out to us." Want of Powder. 
Lee's Expedition to New York. Governor Trumbull. The Long 



14 

Island Tories. The Command of the North River. Sir Henry 
Clinton's friend Mr. Tryon. Personal Camp Equipage. The 
Expected Rumpus in Boston. Occupation of Dorchester Heigtts. 
Bombardment of Boston. " Dreadful apprehension " of the Select- 
men for the Town. Want of Powder again. Questions of Rank. 
Merits and Claims of several Officers discussed. Ill News from the 
Fleet. The English Commissioners. Gen. Howe proposes to 
Evacuate Boston. The Selectmen again. They are under "dread- 
ful apprehensions" and in " great consternation for the Town." 



XVI. 
Washington to Eeed 2 pp. folio. 

Cambridge : March 19tli, 1776. 

The British Evacuate Boston. The " Inconceivable Hurry " of 
their Embarkation described. Capture of Artillery. Thirty Thou- 
sand Pounds worth of His Majesty's Property Abandoned. Boston 
found to be almost Impregnable. Troops sent to New York. Im- 
patience for Mr. Reed's Return. 

XVII. 

'Washington to Eeed 4 pp. quarto. 

Cambridge : March 25tb, 1776. 

The Enemy's knack at puzzling. The British Fleet fitting for 
sea in Nantasket Roads Speculation as to its Destination and 
Plans. Six Regiments detached to New York. Apprehends 
Danger from Expiration of Term of Service of Troops. Has 
" people to deal with who will not fear danger until the bayonet is 
at their breast." Fortifies Boston. 



XVIII. 

Washington to Reed 1 p. folio. 

Cambridge : March 28tb, 1776. 

Gen. Howe makes an Inglorious Retreat. The British Fleet 
leaves Nantasket Roads. Six more Regiments dispatched to New 
York. Two others to follow. His own immediate departure thence. 

[W(ft ill Reed's Reprint.'] 



15 



XIX. 

"Washington to Reed. Signed Twice. . 6 pp. folio. 

Cambridge : April 1st, 1776. 

Dispatch of the Army to New York. Resignation of General 
Officers. '■ That wonderful man General Fry." Ludicrous account 
of his " wonderful " Services. Unfavorable account of the Carolinas. 
'■^ Those universal instruments of Tyrnny , the Scotch." "The first 
blow half the battle." Mr. Temple arrives with News from England. 
More about the British Commissioners. Independence must soon 
come. Tom Paine's " Common Sense " is working a powerful 
change in Virginia. " OW Put." Miseries and Hardships of the 
Boston Tories. When the Order issued for the Embarkation of the 
British Troops •'■ no electric shock, no sudden flash of lightning, 
not even the last trump could have struck them with greater 
consternation" Sullivan's and Greene's Brigades ordered to 
Providence. 

XX. 

Washington to Reed 2 pp. quarto. 

Cambridge: April loth, 1776. 

Deplores Party Divisions in Pennsylvania. Still Desirous for Mr. 
Eeed's Return. Fears he may " have a difficult card to play " and 
wishes for Reed's Assistance and Advice. 

[It is of the foregoing letters that Washington Irving says, " How 
precious are the^e letters, and how fortunate that the absence of 
Mr. Reed from camp should have procured for us such confidential 
outpourings of Washington's heart at this time of his great trial."] — 
Irving' s Washington, II., 178. 

XXI. 

"Washington to Reed 2 pp. folio. 

New York : April 33rd, 1776. 

Arrival at New York.. Alarming Dissentions in Congress. 
" If the house is divided the fabric must fall." 

[N'ot in Eeed's Reprint.'] 



16 



XXII. 

Washington to Joseph Eeed, Esq., or In His Absence to 
John Cadwallader, Esq., Only at Bristol. 2 pp. folio. 

Camp Above Trenton Falls : December 23rd, 177G. 

Details at Lengtli his Plans for the Attack on Trenton, and the 
Movements below. " Christmas day at night, one hour before day, 
is the time fixed upon." " For Heaven's sake keep this to yourself 
as the discovery of it might prove fatal to us." " Necessity, dire 
necessity will, nay must, justify an attack." Gen. Gates. Gen. 
Sullivan. " Heaven grant we are successful." 

[This letter is of great interest and value. It was recovered, 
comparatively within a few years, from a gentleman to whom it had 
been lent] 

XXIII. 

Washington TO Eeed. . . . . 2 pp. quarto. 

[In the writing of a Secretary. Signed hy WasIiington.'\ 
Morristown : January 12tb, 1777. 

Sullivan and Maxwell. Capture of Van Home. His noted Char- 
acter. No dependence to be placed upon his Parole. Putnam at 
Princeton. Movements of Heath. 

\_Not in Heed's Reprint^ 



XIV. 

Washington to Reed 3 pp. folio. 

Morristown : January 14tli, 1777. 

Putnam at Fault. Movements in New Jersey. Cornwallis sends 
a British Surgeon to attend the Wounded. The Peculiar Kind of 
Attention he is to receive. Anxiety for Intelligence. TheEangers — 
did they Run Away ? — if so. Punish or Shame them. 

[iV(5* in Reed's Reprint.l 



17 



XXV. 

Washington to Reed 2 pp. folio. 

Morristown : January IStli, 1777. 

Complains of Putnam. " What in the name "of Heaven can he be 
doing." Defects of the Militia. Anxious for Intelligence. Sends 
his Congratulations to General Mercer of whose Death he was then 
ignorant. 

[JVot in Reed's JReprint.] 

XXVI. 

Washington to Reed. . . . . .4 pp. folio. 

Morristown : February 23rd, 1777, 

Reed's Resignation as Adjutant General. General Conway's 
Cartel The Quarter-Master-Generalship. Command of the Horse 
offered to Reed. Generals Greene and Mifflin. Plan for the Pre- 
vention of Desertion. New-fangled Schemes of Congress. It ought 
not to Return to Philadelphia. " We are now in one of the most 
critical periods America ever saw." Wishes Col. Cox to accept the 
Appointment of Commissary of Prisoners. " If he will, I wish to 
God he would repair hither immediately." 

[JVot ill Heed's Mepi'int.] 

XXVII. 

Washington to Reed. . . . . . 1 p. folio. 

Middle Brook : May 29th, 1777. 
[In Writing of a Secretary. Signed hy Washington.'] 

Offers Reed the Command of the Light Horse, with the Rank of 
General. 

XXVIII. 
Washington to Reed 2 pp. folio. 

Camp at Middle Brook : June 11th, 1777. 

Refers to Reed's Letter to Gen. Charles Lee. Feels himself Hurt 
thereby. Intimates in Eloquent and Feeling terms that " it mor- 
tified him not a little." Overlooks it. Desirous that Reed should 
accept the command of the Light Horse. 
3 



18 



XXIX. 

"Washington to Reed. . . . . . 1 p. folio. 

Whitemarsli : December 2nd, 1777. 

Exceedingly Embarrassed respecting the Location of Winter 
Quarters. Wishes to see Mr. Reed at Camp that he may have his 
Sentiments and Assistance. 

[Not in Reed's Reprint. 1 
XXX. 

Washington to Reed 1 p. folio. 

Valley Forge : June 15tli, 1778. 

More about the British Commissioners. Reed's Letter to Gov. 
Johnson. An Alteration Suggested. Congress Deliberating upon 
an Answer to the Address of the Commissioners. 



XXXI. 

Washington to Reed 4 pp. quarto. 

Fredericksburgh : in the State of New York : November 27tli, 1778. 

Winter Quarters. Baylor's Dragoons. Discredited Paper Money. 
Infamous Practice of Forestalling. Laments Faction and Party 
Views. Expression of Devout Submission to Providence. Mys- 
terious Conduct of the Enemy at New York and Rhode Island. 

XXXII. 

Washington to Reed 6 pp. folio. 

Middlebrook : December 12th, 1778. 

Congratulates Reed on his Election as President of Pennsylvania. 
Sir Harry's Extra Manoeuvre up the North River. Consequent 
Marches and Countermarches. The Convention Troops safe in the 
hands of Gen. McDougall. The " Extra Manoeuvre " results in the 
Destruction of two or three log houses and nine barrels of spoiled 
herrings. Pennsylvania Politics. Monopolizers and Forestallers 
the Pests of society. " Would to God that one of the most atrocious 
in each State was hung in gibbets upon a gallows five times as high 



19 

as the one prepared for Haman." Denounces the man " who can 
build his greatness upon his country's ruin." Gen. Chas. Lee's 
Publication and Conduct. Facts barefacedly Misrepresented. De- 
spises the Publication from his " inmost soul " and Defies Lee to 
Produce a Single Proof of his x\ssertions. Lee's Character, Temper 
and Plans. The Venom of his Tongue and Pen. Invited to make 
Philadelphia his Head Quarters for the Winter. Declines in con- 
sequence of the Care and Address required " to keep tli'e army from 
crumbling." Will Reconcile himself to any Place and all Circum- 
stances while he Remains in the Army. Grratitude of the Army to 
Reed. 

XXXIII. 

"Washington to Reed as President of Pennsyl- 
vania 5 pp. folio. 

Head Quarters : March 31, 1779. 
[Ill tlie writing of a Secretary.^ 
Secret Plan of an Indian Campaign. 

[Not ill Reed's Reprint. 1 



XXXIV. 

"Washington to Reed 3 pp. folio. 

Middlebrook : March 28th, 1779. 

Plans of the Enemy. Fears an Attack on New London. Sus- 
pects some Vigorous Attack to Plunder or Destroy Annapolis, Bal- 
timore, or perhaps Philadelphia. Clinton and Erksine on Long 
Island. Admiral Gambler gone to Rhode Island. " The fears of 
the people are up for New London." Necessity of Vigilance. De- 
fensive Measures suggested. 



XXXV. 

"Washington to Reed 2 pp. quarto. 

Middlebrook : March 29th, 1779. 

Plans for Assembling the Militia. The numerous Tribe of Specu- 
lators and Stock-jobbers. 

[Not ill Reed's Rejmiit.] 



20 



XXXVI. 

Washington to Reed. Signed Twice. . 4 pp. folio. 

Middlebrook : April 8th, 1779. 

The Indian Campaign. Distrusts the so-called Col. Patterson. 
Movements on Northern New Jersey. Recruits. Land Bounties. 
Party Spirit in Pennsylvania. Negociations for Peace. Col. Patter- 
son's case explained. 

[Not in Reed's Be2)rint.1 

XXXVII. 

"Washington to Reed 4 pp. folio. 

Middlebrook : April 19th, 1799. 
[In Writing of Col. Tilghman. Signed hy Washington^ 

Aid required from Pennsylvania. The Wyoming Expedition. 
Desires that Gen. Potter should Command it. Takes Measures to 
Prevent Mischief from Col. Patterson. The Army Distressed for 
Bread. Fort Pitt. Fort Laurens. 

[Not in Reed's Reprint.'] 

XXXVIII. 

Washington to Reed 2 pp. folio. 

Middlebrook : May 8th, 1799. 

Mr. Eeed's Personal Explanation. Impartial Attention to the 
Security of each of the States avowed. Arnold's Trial. Arnold 
anxious to have it brought on. The date of it fixed. Will order 
the Attendance of Military Witnesses. 

XXXIX. 

Washington to the Executive Council of Pennsylvania. 

2 pp. folio. 

Middlebrook : May 20th, 1779. 

[In Writing of Alexander HumiUon. Signed hy Washington.'] 

Attention to the Interests of the several States again Declared. 
Sensibly Affected by the Slightest Appearance of Distrust. Exer- 



21 

tions of the State of Pennsylvania Acknowledged. Inlistments. 
Arnold's Trial. Will " endeavour to liave it conducted with unex- 
ceptionable propriety." 

[JVot in Heed's Reprint.} 



Washington to Reed 7 pp. folio. 

West Point : July 39th, 1779. 

Secret Slanderers. Lee's " Queries Political And 3Iilitary." 
The " dark and hidden motives, gross misrepresentations and self 
known falsehoods, of its malevolent author." Eloquent and Touch- 
ing Self- Justification. The Command of the Army Forced upon 
him. Anxious to Return to the "Peaceful retirement, domestic 
ease and happiness " from whence he came. Has been for more 
than four years a " perfect slave." His Motives as Pure as ever 
man was Influenced by. Favourable Negociation with Spain. 
Discouraging Prospects of the Campaign. Movements of the Enemy. 
Arrival of Lord Cornwallis. 



XLI. 

Washington to Reed "^ PP- folio. 

West Point : August 23nd, 1779. 

The Loss of Fort Washington in 1776. Exposition of the Causes 
of the Disaster. Gen. Greene's Non-Compliance with Orders. 
Emphatic Resolve of Congress to Obstruct the Navigation of the 
North River. " A fine theme for the pen of a malignant writer." 
Valley Forge. Inlistments. The Currency. " The Spunge." The 
Affair at Powles Hook. 160 Prisoners and the Colours of the 
Garrison brought off. 

XLII. 

Washington to Reed 6 pp. folio. 

West Point : October 33nd, 1779. 

Reed to Lead the Pennsylvania Militia. His Example, Abilities, 
Activity and Bravery. Confidence in his Friendship and Zeal. 



22 

Discontents and Jealousies in the Army. " Questions of Rank. 
Delicate Situation of the Officers. Patriotism and Love of Honor 
their only Motives for Remaining in the Service. Amazing Depre- 
ciation of Money. 

XLIII. 

Washington to Reed 8 pp. folio. 

Morristown : May 28th, 1780. . 

Surrounded by Difficulties. " Unable to administer the most ordi- 
nary calls of the Service." " We have almost ceased to hope " 
" This is a decisive moment, one of the most, I will go further, and 
say the most, America has seen." Relations with Foreign Powers. 
Glorious Effort of France for the Deliverance of America. Superiority 
of Great Britain to France and Spain combined. The French Fleet. 
Modern Wars Determined by the Longest Purse. Earnest Appeal 
to Pennsylvania. Can Undertake Nothing without her Aid. She 
" is our chief dependence." Wish for Plenipotentiary Powers in 
the Executive. 



XLIV. 
Washington io Reed 4 pp. folio. 

Head Quarters : Bergen County, July 4tli, 1780. 

President Reed Vested with the Power to Proclaim Martial Law 
in Pennsylvania. Europe and America look to him to do his Part. 
His Situation Extremely Delicate and Critical. Advised to Exer- 
cise the Power with Boldness and Vigor. Extensive Power In- 
sufficiently Exercised sure to Ruin the Possessor. The Bank. 
" Pennsylvania must do its part fully " or " we shall fail of success." 
Expression of Earnest Friendship. 



XLV. 

Washington to Mrs. Reed. . . .2 pp. folio. 

Head Quarters : July 20tli, 1780. 

The Female Patriots. Contributions for the Relief of Soldiers. 
Suggestions respecting their Disposition. 

\_Not in Reed's Bejmnt.] 



23 



XLVI. 

"Washington to Mrs. Eeed. . . .2 pp. folio. 

Head Quarters : Orangetown, August 10th, 1780. 
The same subject. The Soldiers paid in Depreciated Paper. 
Fears that " a taste of hard money " may produce Discontent and 
promote Desertion. A Supply of Shirts Recommended instead. 
Continued Sufferings of the Troops. 

[Ifot in Heed's Beprint.] 

XLVII. 

Washington to Reed 4 pp. folio. 

Head Quarters : Orangetown, August 20tli, 1780. 
[In Writing of Col. Tilghman. Signed hy Washington.] 

Movements of the Pennsylvania Militia. Can scarcely feed the 
Army from day to day. Assurances of Reinforcements from the 
French Land and Sea Commanders. Stirring Appeal to Reed to 
make the most of the Present Opportunity. 

[Not in Heed's Reprint.] 

XLVIII. 

Washington to Reed 4 pp. folio. 

Head Quarters : Passaic Falls, October 18th, 1780. 

Arnold's Treason. His Conduct " is so villanously perfidious that 
there are no terms that can describe the baseness of his heart." 
His " horrid intention to surrender the Post and Garrison of West 
Point." Expresses a doubt vphether Arnold really intended to 
involve his fate v?ith that of the Garrison. Folly of Arnold's Sub- 
sequent Conduct. The Reasons why he was placed in Command of 
West Point. Regard for and Confiidence in Gen. Schuyler. Ex- 
change of Prisoners. 

XLIX. 
Washington to Reed. . . . . 3 pp. quarto. 

Head Quarters : November 20th, 1780. 

Arnold's Slanders on Reed. Disclaims having treated Arnold 
with " the greatest politeness." Arnold's assertion thereof " An 



24 



absolute falsehood." " He se?/*-invited some civilities I never 
meant to show him." Falsity of his Statements Repeated and 
Declared. 



L. 

"Washington to Reed. . . . . . 1 p. folio. 

Mount Vernon : November 15th, 1781. 
[1)1 the Writing of a Secretary. Signed by Washington.] 
Answer to Congratulations on the Surrender of Cornwallis. 
[Ifot in Reed's Reprint.] 



LI. 

"Washington to Reed. . . ... 3 pp. quarto. 

Verplank's Point : September 15th, 1783. 

Answer as to Gen. Cadwallader's Pamphlet. Reed's Appeal 
Unexpected and Surprising. Not Suspected of Infidelity or Want 
of Integrity in 1776. Appeared Solicitous for the Public Good 
while in Delaware. His Conduct at Princeton appeared Zealous 
and Laudable. Disagreeable to have Hastily Written Private Letters 
made Matter of Public Discussion. 



FINIS. 






